Answer is b is correct. Section 104 of B.S.A provides the initial burden of proof, which provides that initial burden of proof lies on that party which comes before the court claiming certain rights. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

Answer is b is correct. The Doctrine Pro Reo, also known as "In Dubio Pro Reo," is a legal principle that prescribes, whenever any penal law is applied or construed , and that law is giving two interpretation, one lenient to the offender and one strict to the offender , that interpretation which is lenient or favourable to the offender will be adopted. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

Answer is b is correct. “Optional clause” which defines the compulsory jurisdiction of the ICJ, originates from article 36 of the statute of the ICJ. Therefore, option (b) is the correct answer.

Answer is d is correct. In case of M/s Avdel Tools and Services vs. M/s Trufit Fastners Pvt. Ltd., A.,I.R. 2009 NOC 1054 (Bom.) it was held that whether time is essence of contract, would depend upon following 3 Points (a) Terms and conditions of contract, (b) Conduct of parties (c) Attending circumstances. (Section 55). Therefore, option (d) is the correct answer.

Answer is a is correct. International Criminal Court Seat at Hague. Therefore, option (a) is the correct answer.