MCQ 17 July 2025

Daily MCQs for Judiciary Prelims Exams - (17 July 2025)



Question/ Answer
Question1:- The principle of pacta sunt servanda means:
  • A) Only treaties ratified by all parties are valid
  • B) Treaties are binding upon the parties and must be performed in good faith
  • C) Treaties can be broken for national interest
  • D) Treaties are not enforceable in municipal law
Answer is b is correct. Pacta sunt servanda is a fundamental principle of treaty law under the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (1969). It mandates that agreements legally entered into by states must be honoured in good faith. Therefore, answer B is correct.
Question2:- The concept of jus cogens refers to:
  • A) Customary international laws that are followed voluntarily
  • B) Principles of law recognized only by developed nations
  • C) Peremptory norms of international law that cannot be derogated from
  • D) Rules created by international tribunals
Answer is c is correct. Jus cogens norms are fundamental principles of international law accepted by the international community from which no derogation is permitted (e.g., prohibition of genocide, slavery, torture). They override any conflicting treaty or customary rule. Therefore, answer C is correct.
Question3:- Under international humanitarian law, the principle of distinction requires:
  • A) Equal treatment of all combatants
  • B) Attack only on military objectives, not civilians
  • C) Prohibition on use of any force in armed conflict
  • D) Mandatory peace talks before any conflict
Answer is b is correct. The principle of distinction is a cornerstone of International Humanitarian Law (IHL), especially in the Geneva Conventions. It obligates warring parties to distinguish at all times between civilians and combatants, and civilian objects and military objectives. Therefore, answer B is correct.
Question4:- Who is considered the father of Analytical Positivism?
  • A) Henry Maine
  • B) John Austin
  • C) H.L.A. Hart
  • D) Roscoe Pound
Answer is b is correct. John Austin is known for developing the Analytical School of Jurisprudence. He defined law as a command issued by a sovereign and backed by sanctions, emphasizing a strict separation between law and morality. Therefore, answer B is correct.
Question5:- According to H.L.A. Hart, what distinguishes legal rules from moral or social rules?
  • A) Sanctions
  • B) Sovereign authority
  • C) The "rule of recognition"
  • D) Religious backing
Answer is c is correct. H.L.A. Hart introduced the concept of the "rule of recognition" in The Concept of Law. It is a secondary rule that identifies the criteria for legal validity in a legal system, distinguishing legal rules from moral or customary norms. Therefore, answer C is correct.

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