MCQ 21 July 2025

Daily MCQs for Judiciary Prelims Exams - (21 July 2025)



Question/ Answer
Question1:- A person accepts an offer but makes material alterations in the terms. What is the status of such acceptance under the Contract Act?
  • A) It is a valid acceptance
  • B) It amounts to counter-offer
  • C) It is a void contract
  • D) It is a revocation of the original offer
Answer is b is correct. If an offeree makes changes to the original offer, it is not an acceptance but a counter-offer. A valid acceptance must be absolute and unqualified as per Section 7(1) of the Indian Contract Act. A counter-offer extinguishes the original offer. Therefore, option B is correct.
Question2:- ‘Quantum meruit’ applies in which of the following situations?
  • A) When one party performs the contract completely
  • B) When there is no contract between the parties
  • C) When a contract is void, but part performance has been done
  • D) When a party suffers loss due to negligence
Answer is c is correct. Quantum meruit literally means "as much as is earned". It applies when a contract becomes void or is discharged, but one party has already performed part of their obligations. They can claim reasonable compensation for the work done or services rendered. Therefore, option C is correct.
Question3:- Which of the following is an essential element of a valid contract under Section 10 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872?
  • A) The contract must be in writing
  • B) There must be a lawful object
  • C) The contract must be signed by both parties
  • D) There must be registration of the agreement
Answer is b is correct. According to Section 10, a valid contract requires: lawful consideration, lawful object, free consent, parties competent to contract, and not expressly declared void. While writing or registration may be necessary in certain types of contracts (like those under TPA or Registration Act), lawful object is always essential. Therefore, option B is correct.
Question4:- In tort law, the principle “volenti non fit injuria” means:
  • A) The wrongdoer is always liable
  • B) No one can cause injury intentionally
  • C) One who consents to the risk cannot complain of injury
  • D) Injury without intent is excusable
Answer is d is correct. “Volenti non fit injuria” is a Latin maxim meaning “to a willing person, no injury is done.” If a person knowingly and voluntarily accepts the risk involved, they cannot claim damages later. Therefore, option C is correct.
Question5:- Defamation in tort law is:
  • A) A criminal offence only
  • B) A civil wrong involving harm to reputation
  • C) Always done in writing
  • D) Only committed against public officials
Answer is b is correct. Defamation is both a tort and a crime under Indian law. In tort, it refers to injury to a person's reputation by false statements, whether written (libel) or spoken (slander), causing legal injury. Therefore, option B is correct.

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